![]() |
| "We are all broken. That's how the light gets in," Ernest Hemingway |
Audra McDonald,
"Through the Mountain"
“... Be happy for this moment. This moment is your life.” ― Omar Khayyám, رباعيات خيام
![]() |
| Texas State Capitol Ornament 2017 |
We cannot reform health care intelligently unless we understand the medical marketplace well. Debates about reform have scrutinized the health-insurance market, but they have neglected a crucially defective feature of the medical marketplace — the way doctors and hospitals charge patients when prices are not set by regulation or by negotiation with insurers.
The Problem
When patients are not protected by large private or public insurers, doctors and hospitals charge them astonishingly more than patients with Medicare or managed-care insurance. Some price difference would make sense, because insurers offer providers large volume and economies of scale.
But we are not talking about discounts of 10, or 20, or even 30 percent. Providers routinely double, triple, or even quadruple prices for unprotected patients. Such huge mark-ups can only be regarded as price-gouging — exploiting market power to charge prices virtually unrelated to actual cost or market value.
A comprehensive analysis of data hospitals report to Medicare shows that, on average, hospitals charge uninsured patients two-and-a-half times more than they charge insured patients and three times more than their actual costs. In some states mark-ups average four-fold.
Data for physicians’ prices are less comprehensive, but information from office management systems is disturbing. Across a range of diagnostic and invasive specialty services (echocardiography, coronary catheterization, liver biopsy, upper GI endoscopy, circumcision, flexible sigmoidoscopies, hysterectomy, appendectomy, gall bladder removal, and arthroscopic knee surgery), many physicians in 2003 charged uninsured patients roughly two to two-and-a-half times what insurers paid.
Only primary care physicians appear to be staying within plausible bounds. They typically charge uninsured patients only one-third to one-half more for basic office or hospital visits than they received from insurers..., "Price Gouging By Doctors and Hospitals,"July 19, 2009; Mark A. Hall, Professor of Law Public Health, Wake Forest University, and Carl E. Schneider, Professor of Law and Internal Medicine, University of Michigan,
![]() |
| “In this world, you get what you pay for,” Cat's Cradle, Kurt Vonnegut. |